Czech Healthcare Providers in 2026

NIS2, Digitalisation and Compliance

|Attorney|Czech Bar Association Reg. No. 18655

Published:2/27/2026Updated:7/7/2026

2026 is a milestone primarily for digital transformation and transparency. Czech legislation focuses on clarifying relationships between providers and patients, especially in the area of reimbursements and data handling. Supervisory authorities and health insurance funds are placing greater emphasis on monitoring existing obligations that have often been overlooked in the past. This is not only about new regulations, but also about consistent enforcement of Act No. 48/1997 Coll., on Public Health Insurance, and Act No. 372/2011 Coll., on Health Services.

Key takeaways

Reimbursement compliance: Immediately review your price lists and fee-collection practices. Eliminate “entry fees” with no real consideration/service provided. High penalties and reputational risk may follow.

Complaints agenda: Even without an explicit statutory title of “ombudsman”, strengthen capacity for handling complaints. This is the cheapest prevention of litigation in Czech courts.

Digitalisation is mandatory: Investment in IT and compliance with are unavoidable. e-Referrals and connections to registers must work.

Cybersecurity: Hospital management bears responsibility. NIS2 requires active risk management, not merely the passive purchase of software.

Telemedicine: Use it, but only via secure and approved channels with proper documentation.

ARROWS law firm

245 007 740 consultation@arws.cz

Conclusion

2026 represents a period of stabilisation of new digital processes and more consistent enforcement of existing rules for Czech healthcare. This is not a legislative earthquake caused by a single act, but rather a complex mosaic of obligations arising from the Act on Health Services, e-health/electronic healthcare, and cybersecurity rules under Czech legislation.

For healthcare facility management, this means the need to abandon a reactive approach and actively manage compliance risks. Transparency towards patients and data security are the new currency that determines the provider’s trust and stability. We recommend regular legal audits of internal policies and processes so that the facility can withstand inspections by supervisory authorities as well as patients’ claims in the Czech Republic.

FAQ – Legal questions on obligations in 2026

1. Do we have to have an ombudsman from 2026?

The Act on Health Services does not directly impose an obligation to establish a position titled “ombudsman”. However, it does impose an obligation to have a system in place for submitting and handling complaints (Section 261). Establishing an ombudsman is a recommended way to fulfil this obligation properly.

2. What sanctions apply for incorrectly maintained price lists?

For breaches of obligations related to pricing and consumer (patient) information, fines may be imposed under the Czech Act on Prices and the Act on Health Services, which in serious cases may reach up to CZK 1,000,000, especially where there is systematic non-compliance.

3. Is telemedicine a fully-fledged health service?

Yes, the amendment to the Act on Health Services has placed it on an equal footing with in-person care, provided the nature of the patient’s health condition allows such an approach. The technical requirements for security and record-keeping must be met.

4. What does NIS2 mean for our hospital?

If you meet the criteria (size, importance for the healthcare sector), you must implement an information security management system, report incidents, and have business continuity/recovery plans. Responsibility for this lies directly with the statutory body.

5. Where can we find the current standards for digitalisation?

Technical standards and methodologies are issued by the Ministry of Health and published on the website of the National Centre for Electronic Healthcare (NCEZ) in the Czech Republic.

6. Can we charge a fee for registering a new patient?

If the care is covered by public health insurance in the Czech Republic, making registration conditional on a fee is unlawful. A fee may be charged only for administrative acts that are not covered by insurance and that the patient requests beyond standard care—not for access to care itself.

ARROWS law firm

245 007 740 consultation@arws.cz

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About the author

Mgr. Dita Zbožínková, LL.M.

Associate

Czech Bar Association Reg. No. 18655

Dita Zbožínková is an attorney at ARROWS, specializing primarily in healthcare law. She provides comprehensive legal support to her clients—primarily doctors, healthcare facilities, and outpatient providers—in all phases of their activities.

zbozinkova@arws.cz 245 007 742

Disclaimer:

The information contained in this article is for general informational purposes only and serves as a basic guide to the issue as of 2026. Although we strive for maximum accuracy, laws and their interpretation evolve over time. We are ARROWS Law Firm, a member of the Czech Bar Association (our supervisory authority), and for the maximum security of our clients, we are insured for professional liability with a limit of CZK 400,000,000. To verify the current wording of the regulations and their application to your specific situation, it is necessary to contact ARROWS Law Firm directly (consultation@arws.cz). We are not liable for any damages arising from the independent use of the information in this article without prior individual legal consultation.